Representativeness disclaimer
These analyses are based on responses collected from 8051 caregivers between the dates of April 06, 2020 and September 10, 2020. These caregivers represent a range of voices: 10.38% are Black/African American, 20.08% are LatinX, and 27.26% live at or below 1.5 times the federal poverty line. Proportions/percentages are calculated based on the item-level response rates, not out of the total sample size. The data for these analyses are not weighted.
Economic Stability
Receiving public benefits
Are you receiving any sort of public or employment benefits? ex. Federal cash assistance programs such as the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Social Security Income (SSI). OR, Federal-in kind benefit programs such as Medicaid, Food Stamps and Housing.
Options:
- Yes \((N = 2045)\)
- No \((N = 4783)\)
- Didn’t Qualify \((N = 967)\)
- Intend to apply \((N = 235)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
0.06
|
.800
|
|
Intend to apply
|
1.04
|
.308
|
|
No
|
9.06
|
.003
|
|
Yes
|
7.59
|
.006
|
West
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
1.40
|
.236
|
|
Intend to apply
|
0.28
|
.596
|
|
No
|
4.25
|
.039
|
|
Yes
|
2.70
|
.101
|
Northeast
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
1.42
|
.234
|
|
Intend to apply
|
1.42
|
.233
|
|
No
|
0.10
|
.749
|
|
Yes
|
0.63
|
.429
|
Midwest
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
0.01
|
.941
|
|
Intend to apply
|
0.47
|
.493
|
|
No
|
0.82
|
.365
|
|
Yes
|
0.41
|
.523
|
Black/African American
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
2.85
|
.092
|
|
Intend to apply
|
6.79
|
.009
|
|
No
|
47.50
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
64.29
|
< .001
|
LatinX
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
0.18
|
.671
|
|
Intend to apply
|
0.20
|
.656
|
|
No
|
7.86
|
.005
|
|
Yes
|
6.77
|
.009
|
Low income
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
36.63
|
< .001
|
|
Intend to apply
|
10.72
|
.001
|
|
No
|
620.81
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
991.95
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
47.48
|
< .001
|
|
Intend to apply
|
14.97
|
.002
|
|
No
|
717.05
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
1072.31
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
38.11
|
< .001
|
|
Intend to apply
|
16.69
|
.001
|
|
No
|
632.22
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
1004.43
|
< .001
|
Income by Latinx
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
40.43
|
< .001
|
|
Intend to apply
|
12.99
|
.005
|
|
No
|
631.73
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
1001.73
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
public_benefits
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Didn’t Qualify
|
40.43
|
< .001
|
|
Intend to apply
|
12.99
|
.005
|
|
No
|
631.73
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
1001.73
|
< .001
|
Which public benefits
What types of benefits are you receiving? [Select all that apply.]
Options:
- Health/Medical \((N = 1123)\)
- Food \((N = 477)\)
- Income (not icluding federal stimulus checks) \((N = 272)\)
- Disability (not military) \((N = 292)\)
- Military Pension \((N = 6)\)
- Military Disability \((N = )\)
- Military Medical Care \((N = 7)\)
- Military (any benefit, including pension, disability, etc) \((N = 135)\)
- Housing Subsidy \((N = 64)\)
- Child Care Subsidy \((N = 48)\)
- Other \((N = 37)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
2.80
|
.094
|
|
Food
|
2.89
|
.089
|
|
Income
|
0.11
|
.745
|
|
Disability
|
0.03
|
.860
|
|
Military pension
|
4.31
|
.038
|
|
Military disability
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Military medical
|
0.54
|
.461
|
|
Military
|
0.24
|
.626
|
|
Housing
|
0.07
|
.787
|
|
Childcare
|
0.00
|
.964
|
|
Other
|
0.33
|
.564
|
West
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
0.12
|
.726
|
|
Food
|
0.40
|
.528
|
|
Income
|
0.00
|
.949
|
|
Disability
|
0.28
|
.600
|
|
Military pension
|
0.02
|
.900
|
|
Military disability
|
0.21
|
.647
|
|
Military medical
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Military
|
5.79
|
.016
|
|
Housing
|
8.90
|
.003
|
|
Childcare
|
0.04
|
.845
|
|
Other
|
0.05
|
.825
|
Northeast
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
3.93
|
.047
|
|
Food
|
0.23
|
.629
|
|
Income
|
2.34
|
.126
|
|
Disability
|
6.31
|
.012
|
|
Military pension
|
0.26
|
.607
|
|
Military disability
|
0.04
|
.848
|
|
Military medical
|
0.15
|
.697
|
|
Military
|
4.40
|
.036
|
|
Housing
|
8.86
|
.003
|
|
Childcare
|
5.25
|
.022
|
|
Other
|
0.41
|
.521
|
Midwest
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
0.04
|
.833
|
|
Food
|
0.54
|
.464
|
|
Income
|
0.58
|
.446
|
|
Disability
|
6.69
|
.010
|
|
Military pension
|
0.65
|
.419
|
|
Military disability
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Military medical
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Military
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Housing
|
0.78
|
.378
|
|
Childcare
|
2.01
|
.156
|
|
Other
|
0.02
|
.885
|
Black/African American
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
7.57
|
.006
|
|
Food
|
48.63
|
< .001
|
|
Income
|
69.73
|
< .001
|
|
Disability
|
1.47
|
.226
|
|
Military pension
|
1.37
|
.242
|
|
Military disability
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Military medical
|
4.81
|
.028
|
|
Military
|
10.84
|
.001
|
|
Housing
|
13.18
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
2.75
|
.097
|
|
Other
|
0.12
|
.727
|
LatinX
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
3.13
|
.077
|
|
Food
|
1.06
|
.303
|
|
Income
|
1.57
|
.210
|
|
Disability
|
0.28
|
.598
|
|
Military pension
|
1.70
|
.193
|
|
Military disability
|
0.73
|
.392
|
|
Military medical
|
0.01
|
.940
|
|
Military
|
0.02
|
.881
|
|
Housing
|
3.91
|
.048
|
|
Childcare
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Other
|
1.36
|
.244
|
Low income
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
463.37
|
< .001
|
|
Food
|
180.59
|
< .001
|
|
Income
|
106.93
|
< .001
|
|
Disability
|
75.86
|
< .001
|
|
Military pension
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Military disability
|
0.04
|
.832
|
|
Military medical
|
0.70
|
.404
|
|
Military
|
75.95
|
< .001
|
|
Housing
|
13.50
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
2.04
|
.153
|
|
Other
|
18.56
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
487.03
|
< .001
|
|
Food
|
187.03
|
< .001
|
|
Income
|
112.17
|
< .001
|
|
Disability
|
160.03
|
< .001
|
|
Military pension
|
5.46
|
.141
|
|
Military disability
|
1.42
|
.702
|
|
Military medical
|
2.83
|
.418
|
|
Military
|
90.70
|
< .001
|
|
Housing
|
16.90
|
.001
|
|
Childcare
|
2.71
|
.439
|
|
Other
|
22.88
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
464.70
|
< .001
|
|
Food
|
203.59
|
< .001
|
|
Income
|
159.46
|
< .001
|
|
Disability
|
75.92
|
< .001
|
|
Military pension
|
6.57
|
.087
|
|
Military disability
|
1.19
|
.755
|
|
Military medical
|
4.21
|
.240
|
|
Military
|
89.48
|
< .001
|
|
Housing
|
21.82
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
3.75
|
.289
|
|
Other
|
21.02
|
< .001
|
Income by LatinX
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
483.16
|
< .001
|
|
Food
|
192.01
|
< .001
|
|
Income
|
113.64
|
< .001
|
|
Disability
|
76.12
|
< .001
|
|
Military pension
|
4.75
|
.191
|
|
Military disability
|
14.60
|
.002
|
|
Military medical
|
3.15
|
.369
|
|
Military
|
83.76
|
< .001
|
|
Housing
|
28.05
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
5.84
|
.120
|
|
Other
|
28.22
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Health
|
463.36
|
< .001
|
|
Food
|
179.45
|
< .001
|
|
Income
|
110.65
|
< .001
|
|
Disability
|
80.92
|
< .001
|
|
Military pension
|
1.92
|
.590
|
|
Military disability
|
2.37
|
.499
|
|
Military medical
|
2.05
|
.563
|
|
Military
|
77.46
|
< .001
|
|
Housing
|
19.20
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
2.95
|
.399
|
|
Other
|
22.89
|
< .001
|
Receiving federal stimulus check
Have you received a federal stimulus check this year? (Also known as an economic impact payment) (Note: Weeks 3-8 separate this into two questions, one that asks whether participants have received a check (Yes, No, Unsure, Other) and another that asks if they expect to receive one, only presented if they respond “No” to the prior question. These were combined for the present analyses.)
Options:
- Yes, I have received a federal stimulus check \((N = 5716)\)
- No, but I expect to receive a federal stimulus check in the near future \((N = 407)\)
- No, and I DO NOT expect to receive a federal stimulus check \((N = 626)\)
- Unsure if I will receive a federal stimulus check \((N = 211)\)
- Other \((N = 71)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
0.02
|
.896
|
|
No, not expected
|
0.03
|
.865
|
|
Other
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Unsure
|
0.01
|
.914
|
|
Yes
|
0.03
|
.865
|
West
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
1.51
|
.218
|
|
No, not expected
|
8.41
|
.004
|
|
Other
|
0.05
|
.820
|
|
Unsure
|
7.27
|
.007
|
|
Yes
|
17.58
|
< .001
|
Northeast
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
0.06
|
.806
|
|
No, not expected
|
0.02
|
.881
|
|
Other
|
0.94
|
.331
|
|
Unsure
|
1.60
|
.205
|
|
Yes
|
0.66
|
.417
|
Midwest
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
3.26
|
.071
|
|
No, not expected
|
10.01
|
.002
|
|
Other
|
0.16
|
.685
|
|
Unsure
|
2.18
|
.140
|
|
Yes
|
15.71
|
< .001
|
Black/African American
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
28.90
|
< .001
|
|
No, not expected
|
1.24
|
.265
|
|
Other
|
0.06
|
.812
|
|
Unsure
|
1.11
|
.293
|
|
Yes
|
7.60
|
.006
|
LatinX
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
2.23
|
.136
|
|
No, not expected
|
4.08
|
.043
|
|
Other
|
0.07
|
.794
|
|
Unsure
|
4.67
|
.031
|
|
Yes
|
12.23
|
< .001
|
Low income
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
3.32
|
.068
|
|
No, not expected
|
0.24
|
.625
|
|
Other
|
35.33
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
4.66
|
.031
|
|
Yes
|
0.93
|
.335
|
Income by Employment
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
6.24
|
.101
|
|
No, not expected
|
0.77
|
.857
|
|
Other
|
39.11
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
10.61
|
.014
|
|
Yes
|
1.44
|
.697
|
Income by Black/African American
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
36.54
|
< .001
|
|
No, not expected
|
0.63
|
.890
|
|
Other
|
38.26
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
7.87
|
.049
|
|
Yes
|
15.07
|
.002
|
Income by Latinx
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
5.62
|
.132
|
|
No, not expected
|
6.07
|
.108
|
|
Other
|
41.13
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
10.09
|
.018
|
|
Yes
|
13.71
|
.003
|
Income by South
|
federal_stim
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, expected
|
5.62
|
.132
|
|
No, not expected
|
6.07
|
.108
|
|
Other
|
41.13
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
10.09
|
.018
|
|
Yes
|
13.71
|
.003
|
Family Income
Which of the following best describes what has happened to your family income during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic? (Note that in weeks 1-6 and 10-12, there were 5 response options, including decreased very much, decreased somewhat, etc). These were collapsed to allow for assessment across all weeks
Options:
- Has decreased \((N = 3426)\)
- Has stayed the same \((N = 3415)\)
- Has increased \((N = 1162)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
9.35
|
.002
|
|
Increased
|
7.08
|
.008
|
|
Stayed the same
|
1.31
|
.253
|
West
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
0.35
|
.556
|
|
Increased
|
0.03
|
.859
|
|
Stayed the same
|
0.55
|
.458
|
Northeast
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
6.16
|
.013
|
|
Increased
|
0.92
|
.338
|
|
Stayed the same
|
3.14
|
.076
|
Midwest
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
3.80
|
.051
|
|
Increased
|
3.76
|
.052
|
|
Stayed the same
|
0.29
|
.587
|
Black/African American
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
5.98
|
.014
|
|
Increased
|
0.04
|
.848
|
|
Stayed the same
|
5.16
|
.023
|
LatinX
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
20.42
|
< .001
|
|
Increased
|
0.01
|
.915
|
|
Stayed the same
|
21.37
|
< .001
|
Low income
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
102.67
|
< .001
|
|
Increased
|
2.40
|
.121
|
|
Stayed the same
|
127.10
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
223.12
|
< .001
|
|
Increased
|
16.23
|
.001
|
|
Stayed the same
|
187.64
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
94.37
|
< .001
|
|
Increased
|
2.64
|
.451
|
|
Stayed the same
|
110.05
|
< .001
|
Income by Latinx
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
103.06
|
< .001
|
|
Increased
|
2.52
|
.472
|
|
Stayed the same
|
121.74
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
income_change
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Decreased
|
103.06
|
< .001
|
|
Increased
|
2.52
|
.472
|
|
Stayed the same
|
121.74
|
< .001
|
Family Financial Status
Which of the following best describes your family financially at this time?
Options:
- No problems \((N = 2316)\)
- Minor problems \((N = 4086)\)
- Major problems \((N = 1263)\)
- Extreme problems \((N = 375)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
19.73
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
0.22
|
.638
|
|
Major
|
10.64
|
.001
|
|
Extreme
|
7.21
|
.007
|
West
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
5.60
|
.018
|
|
Minor
|
0.02
|
.892
|
|
Major
|
1.17
|
.280
|
|
Extreme
|
7.67
|
.006
|
Northeast
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
6.26
|
.012
|
|
Minor
|
0.94
|
.332
|
|
Major
|
3.39
|
.066
|
|
Extreme
|
0.01
|
.923
|
Midwest
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
0.08
|
.776
|
|
Minor
|
0.22
|
.642
|
|
Major
|
0.78
|
.378
|
|
Extreme
|
0.04
|
.846
|
Black/African American
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
26.68
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
0.00
|
.970
|
|
Major
|
12.30
|
< .001
|
|
Extreme
|
22.74
|
< .001
|
LatinX
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
43.04
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
2.25
|
.134
|
|
Major
|
25.66
|
< .001
|
|
Extreme
|
2.74
|
.098
|
Low income
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
431.99
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
1.47
|
.226
|
|
Major
|
267.46
|
< .001
|
|
Extreme
|
189.18
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
527.84
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
32.35
|
< .001
|
|
Major
|
360.57
|
< .001
|
|
Extreme
|
300.37
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
444.15
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
5.81
|
.121
|
|
Major
|
274.13
|
< .001
|
|
Extreme
|
209.56
|
< .001
|
Pairwise t-tests with a Holm correction
|
group1
|
group2
|
p.value
|
|
Black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.018
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.031
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Non-black, High Income
|
0.000
|
Income by Latinx
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
462.90
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
3.90
|
.272
|
|
Major
|
290.22
|
< .001
|
|
Extreme
|
193.17
|
< .001
|
Pairwise t-tests with a Holm correction
|
group1
|
group2
|
p.value
|
|
Black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.018
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.031
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Non-black, High Income
|
0.000
|
Income by South
|
financial_status
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
None
|
462.90
|
< .001
|
|
Minor
|
3.90
|
.272
|
|
Major
|
290.22
|
< .001
|
|
Extreme
|
193.17
|
< .001
|
Physical Health
Well-baby/Well-child Checkup
Have you missed a well-baby/well-child checkup since the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic began?
Options:
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
4.96
|
.026
|
|
Yes
|
4.96
|
.026
|
West
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
5.88
|
.015
|
|
Yes
|
5.88
|
.015
|
Northeast
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
2.45
|
.118
|
|
Yes
|
2.45
|
.118
|
Midwest
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
1.79
|
.181
|
|
Yes
|
1.79
|
.181
|
Black/African American
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
1.72
|
.190
|
|
Yes
|
1.72
|
.190
|
LatinX
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
15.42
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
15.42
|
< .001
|
Low income
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
35.93
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
35.93
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
50.51
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
50.51
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
51.94
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
51.94
|
< .001
|
Income by Latinx
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
44.12
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
44.12
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
missed_wellbaby
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
44.12
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
44.12
|
< .001
|
Missed vaccine
[If yes missed well-baby] [asked for up to five children] Did they miss a scheduled vaccine at this visit?
Options:
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
0
|
.995
|
|
Yes
|
0
|
.995
|
West
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
0
|
> .999
|
|
Yes
|
0
|
> .999
|
Northeast
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
0.91
|
.341
|
|
Yes
|
0.91
|
.341
|
Midwest
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
0.68
|
.408
|
|
Yes
|
0.68
|
.408
|
Black/African American
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
0
|
> .999
|
|
Yes
|
0
|
> .999
|
LatinX
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
7.83
|
.005
|
|
Yes
|
7.83
|
.005
|
Low income
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
10.81
|
.001
|
|
Yes
|
10.81
|
.001
|
Income by Employment
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
31.3
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
31.3
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
12.16
|
.007
|
|
Yes
|
12.16
|
.007
|
Income by Latinx
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
19.01
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
19.01
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
missed_vaccine
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No
|
19.01
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
19.01
|
< .001
|
Barriers to well-child
● What prevented you from going to a well-baby checkup? [Select all that apply.]
Options:
- Cost \((N = 199)\)
- Unable to get time away from work \((N = 168)\)
- Inability to find childcare \((N = 272)\)
- Concern over exposure to coronavirus (COVID-19) \((N = 1809)\)
- Caring for family members \((N = 176)\)
- Vaccine hesitancy \((N = 148)\)
- Other, please describe \((N = 384)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
1.34
|
.248
|
|
Time away from work
|
0.36
|
.549
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Concern for covid
|
0.74
|
.388
|
|
Caring for family
|
0.00
|
.976
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
0.53
|
.467
|
|
Other
|
10.71
|
.001
|
West
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
0.00
|
.977
|
|
Time away from work
|
1.42
|
.233
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
1.32
|
.251
|
|
Concern for covid
|
1.21
|
.271
|
|
Caring for family
|
1.85
|
.174
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
7.55
|
.006
|
|
Other
|
0.28
|
.595
|
Northeast
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
1.63
|
.202
|
|
Time away from work
|
1.55
|
.214
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
0.44
|
.507
|
|
Concern for covid
|
1.64
|
.201
|
|
Caring for family
|
0.68
|
.411
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
5.08
|
.024
|
|
Other
|
0.61
|
.436
|
Midwest
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Time away from work
|
0.76
|
.384
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
0.25
|
.620
|
|
Concern for covid
|
0.88
|
.347
|
|
Caring for family
|
0.59
|
.443
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Other
|
5.62
|
.018
|
Black/African American
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
1.84
|
.175
|
|
Time away from work
|
5.28
|
.022
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
4.22
|
.040
|
|
Concern for covid
|
3.92
|
.048
|
|
Caring for family
|
4.16
|
.041
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
2.73
|
.098
|
|
Other
|
8.80
|
.003
|
LatinX
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
17.48
|
< .001
|
|
Time away from work
|
4.26
|
.039
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
7.00
|
.008
|
|
Concern for covid
|
18.04
|
< .001
|
|
Caring for family
|
7.57
|
.006
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
0.94
|
.333
|
|
Other
|
6.52
|
.011
|
Low income
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
3.22
|
.073
|
|
Time away from work
|
2.47
|
.116
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
14.40
|
< .001
|
|
Concern for covid
|
24.76
|
< .001
|
|
Caring for family
|
17.95
|
< .001
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
6.10
|
.014
|
|
Other
|
1.65
|
.198
|
Income by Employment
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
12.40
|
.006
|
|
Time away from work
|
9.16
|
.027
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
16.82
|
.001
|
|
Concern for covid
|
42.40
|
< .001
|
|
Caring for family
|
25.61
|
< .001
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
19.09
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
4.08
|
.253
|
Income by Black/African American
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
9.25
|
.026
|
|
Time away from work
|
5.19
|
.159
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
18.78
|
< .001
|
|
Concern for covid
|
38.35
|
< .001
|
|
Caring for family
|
27.98
|
< .001
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
18.71
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
16.44
|
.001
|
Income by LatinX
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
11.69
|
.009
|
|
Time away from work
|
4.41
|
.221
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
22.79
|
< .001
|
|
Concern for covid
|
38.71
|
< .001
|
|
Caring for family
|
28.13
|
< .001
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
12.68
|
.005
|
|
Other
|
6.88
|
.076
|
Income by South
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Cost
|
5.75
|
.124
|
|
Time away from work
|
3.63
|
.305
|
|
Inability find childcare
|
17.62
|
.001
|
|
Concern for covid
|
27.46
|
< .001
|
|
Caring for family
|
19.51
|
< .001
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy
|
8.85
|
.031
|
|
Other
|
10.57
|
.014
|
Basic Needs
Free food (currently)
Do you currently have access to free food for your household? Examples of free food include food pantries and programs, SNAP etc.
Options:
- Yes \((N = 2649)\)
- No, but I know where/how I can access free food resources \((N = 1348)\)
- No, I am not eligible for free food resources \((N = 3622)\)
- Unsure \((N = 408)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
0.60
|
.438
|
|
No, not eligible
|
5.86
|
.015
|
|
Unsure
|
0.16
|
.690
|
|
Yes
|
8.95
|
.003
|
West
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
3.32
|
.068
|
|
No, not eligible
|
0.24
|
.626
|
|
Unsure
|
2.28
|
.131
|
|
Yes
|
0.03
|
.866
|
Northeast
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
3.62
|
.057
|
|
No, not eligible
|
15.04
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
1.69
|
.193
|
|
Yes
|
10.26
|
.001
|
Midwest
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
0.38
|
.536
|
|
No, not eligible
|
0.01
|
.939
|
|
Unsure
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Yes
|
0.13
|
.720
|
Black/African American
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
2.31
|
.129
|
|
No, not eligible
|
126.28
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
0.74
|
.390
|
|
Yes
|
123.00
|
< .001
|
LatinX
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
7.27
|
.007
|
|
No, not eligible
|
78.53
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
0.05
|
.819
|
|
Yes
|
50.01
|
< .001
|
Low income
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
7.53
|
.006
|
|
No, not eligible
|
1072.33
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
11.96
|
.001
|
|
Yes
|
1275.06
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
20.66
|
< .001
|
|
No, not eligible
|
1143.75
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
14.94
|
.002
|
|
Yes
|
1337.39
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
20.38
|
< .001
|
|
No, not eligible
|
1128.94
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
16.48
|
.001
|
|
Yes
|
1316.26
|
< .001
|
Income by Latinx
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
19.38
|
< .001
|
|
No, not eligible
|
1124.69
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
11.71
|
.008
|
|
Yes
|
1303.59
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
free_food_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
No, know how
|
19.38
|
< .001
|
|
No, not eligible
|
1124.69
|
< .001
|
|
Unsure
|
11.71
|
.008
|
|
Yes
|
1303.59
|
< .001
|
Free Lunch (during-COVID)
Prior to coronavirus (COVID-19), did you get free or reduced lunches for your child(ren)?
Options:
- Yes, my child(ren) received free or reduced lunches \((N = 1841)\)
- No, free or reduced lunches were not available for my children \((N = 1567)\)
- No, my child did not receive free or reduced lunches, but they were available \((N = )\)
- No, free or reduced lunches were not available for my children \((N = 1841)\)
- No, but I had planned on getting free or reduced lunches for my children soon \((N = 1479)\)
- No, I didn’t know how to access this resource \((N = 199)\)
- Not applicable \((N = 595)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
0.75
|
.385
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
3.66
|
.056
|
|
No, not available
|
19.25
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
0.48
|
.488
|
|
Yes
|
12.78
|
< .001
|
West
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
3.24
|
.072
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
0.68
|
.409
|
|
No, not available
|
11.96
|
.001
|
|
No, planned
|
0.78
|
.377
|
|
Yes
|
2.39
|
.122
|
Northeast
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
7.63
|
.006
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
1.77
|
.183
|
|
No, not available
|
0.30
|
.586
|
|
No, planned
|
1.53
|
.216
|
|
Yes
|
10.13
|
.001
|
Midwest
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
2.20
|
.138
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
3.75
|
.053
|
|
No, not available
|
0.50
|
.477
|
|
No, planned
|
0.46
|
.500
|
|
Yes
|
0.16
|
.688
|
Black/African American
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
0.80
|
.371
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
No, not available
|
14.86
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
34.31
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
78.85
|
< .001
|
LatinX
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
0.00
|
.974
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
0.77
|
.382
|
|
No, not available
|
13.16
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
49.60
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
100.27
|
< .001
|
Low income
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
0.02
|
.887
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
11.93
|
.001
|
|
No, not available
|
77.07
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
194.69
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
439.06
|
< .001
|
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
0.02
|
.887
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
11.93
|
.001
|
|
No, not available
|
77.07
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
194.69
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
439.06
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
2.91
|
.406
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
12.51
|
.006
|
|
No, not available
|
81.54
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
213.64
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
466.30
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
4.03
|
.258
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
16.08
|
.001
|
|
No, not available
|
87.53
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
211.24
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
472.23
|
< .001
|
Income by Latinx
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
0.24
|
.971
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
18.52
|
< .001
|
|
No, not available
|
86.86
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
226.47
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
493.57
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
free_lunch_now_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
N/A
|
0.24
|
.971
|
|
No, didn’t know how
|
18.52
|
< .001
|
|
No, not available
|
86.86
|
< .001
|
|
No, planned
|
226.47
|
< .001
|
|
Yes
|
493.57
|
< .001
|
Paying for basics
In the past month, how hard has it been for you to pay for the very basics like food, housing, medical care, and heating?
Options:
- Very hard \((N = 589)\)
- Hard \((N = 987)\)
- Somewhat hard \((N = )\)
- Not very hard \((N = 4366)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
27.95
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
9.87
|
.002
|
|
Hard
|
2.59
|
.107
|
|
Very hard
|
7.33
|
.007
|
West
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
2.51
|
.113
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
1.11
|
.292
|
|
Hard
|
0.29
|
.588
|
|
Very hard
|
3.70
|
.054
|
Northeast
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
11.78
|
.001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
1.95
|
.163
|
|
Hard
|
3.25
|
.071
|
|
Very hard
|
3.39
|
.066
|
Midwest
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
1.63
|
.201
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
1.39
|
.238
|
|
Hard
|
0.70
|
.404
|
|
Very hard
|
0.34
|
.558
|
Black/African American
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
72.71
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
27.72
|
< .001
|
|
Hard
|
8.86
|
.003
|
|
Very hard
|
12.51
|
< .001
|
LatinX
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
87.97
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
32.27
|
< .001
|
|
Hard
|
15.69
|
< .001
|
|
Very hard
|
10.66
|
.001
|
Low income
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
809.55
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
170.90
|
< .001
|
|
Hard
|
199.19
|
< .001
|
|
Very hard
|
233.15
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
915.08
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
203.08
|
< .001
|
|
Hard
|
215.84
|
< .001
|
|
Very hard
|
310.92
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
851.03
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
197.29
|
< .001
|
|
Hard
|
209.14
|
< .001
|
|
Very hard
|
236.71
|
< .001
|
Income by Latinx
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
873.13
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
196.33
|
< .001
|
|
Hard
|
221.19
|
< .001
|
|
Very hard
|
236.25
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
difficulty_basics_cat
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Not very hard
|
873.13
|
< .001
|
|
Somewhat hard
|
196.33
|
< .001
|
|
Hard
|
221.19
|
< .001
|
|
Very hard
|
236.25
|
< .001
|
Which needs
Which of these needs have been hard to pay for in the past month? [Select all that apply.]
Options:
- Food \((N = 1796)\)
- Housing \((N = 1901)\)
- Utilities (electric, water, trash) \((N = )\)
- Healthcare \((N = 928)\)
- Social \((N = 854)\)
- Emotional \((N = 888)\)
- Childcare \((N = 786)\)
- Other \((N = 212)\)
Sample sizes are based on caregiver response at the most recent week of participation.
By region
South
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
6.78
|
.009
|
|
House
|
8.88
|
.003
|
|
Utilities
|
32.18
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
14.02
|
< .001
|
|
Social
|
0.09
|
.768
|
|
Emotional
|
5.57
|
.018
|
|
Childcare
|
6.48
|
.011
|
|
Other
|
2.51
|
.113
|
West
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
0.57
|
.449
|
|
House
|
0.07
|
.790
|
|
Utilities
|
11.99
|
.001
|
|
Healthcare
|
0.43
|
.510
|
|
Social
|
0.98
|
.323
|
|
Emotional
|
1.88
|
.170
|
|
Childcare
|
0.28
|
.596
|
|
Other
|
0.10
|
.752
|
Northeast
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
10.25
|
.001
|
|
House
|
6.89
|
.009
|
|
Utilities
|
8.39
|
.004
|
|
Healthcare
|
14.07
|
< .001
|
|
Social
|
1.34
|
.247
|
|
Emotional
|
2.03
|
.155
|
|
Childcare
|
9.28
|
.002
|
|
Other
|
2.17
|
.141
|
Midwest
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
0.43
|
.511
|
|
House
|
1.92
|
.166
|
|
Utilities
|
0.03
|
.865
|
|
Healthcare
|
0.04
|
.851
|
|
Social
|
0.09
|
.763
|
|
Emotional
|
0.00
|
.981
|
|
Childcare
|
0.64
|
.425
|
|
Other
|
0.00
|
.996
|
Black/African American
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
28.31
|
< .001
|
|
House
|
20.21
|
< .001
|
|
Utilities
|
49.86
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
0.05
|
.823
|
|
Social
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
Emotional
|
0.00
|
.989
|
|
Childcare
|
22.72
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
2.86
|
.091
|
LatinX
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
38.85
|
< .001
|
|
House
|
51.26
|
< .001
|
|
Utilities
|
43.69
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
13.57
|
< .001
|
|
Social
|
0.32
|
.574
|
|
Emotional
|
0.01
|
.911
|
|
Childcare
|
3.27
|
.070
|
|
Other
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
Low income
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
290.11
|
< .001
|
|
House
|
361.50
|
< .001
|
|
Utilities
|
716.37
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
1.36
|
.244
|
|
Social
|
149.17
|
< .001
|
|
Emotional
|
184.59
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
31.49
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
82.45
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
335.37
|
< .001
|
|
House
|
461.47
|
< .001
|
|
Utilities
|
838.51
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
28.69
|
< .001
|
|
Social
|
166.55
|
< .001
|
|
Emotional
|
204.74
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
32.11
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
95.50
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
310.73
|
< .001
|
|
House
|
375.83
|
< .001
|
|
Utilities
|
748.53
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
2.77
|
.428
|
|
Social
|
158.75
|
< .001
|
|
Emotional
|
191.87
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
54.45
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
84.12
|
< .001
|
Income by LatinX
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
321.06
|
< .001
|
|
House
|
390.76
|
< .001
|
|
Utilities
|
739.00
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
21.59
|
< .001
|
|
Social
|
168.59
|
< .001
|
|
Emotional
|
213.19
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
41.69
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
87.59
|
< .001
|
Income by South
|
key
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
Food
|
301.05
|
< .001
|
|
House
|
377.81
|
< .001
|
|
Utilities
|
730.59
|
< .001
|
|
Healthcare
|
13.81
|
.003
|
|
Social
|
158.22
|
< .001
|
|
Emotional
|
184.76
|
< .001
|
|
Childcare
|
36.79
|
< .001
|
|
Other
|
86.73
|
< .001
|
Material hardship
This variables was calculated by adding up the number of needs selected for the following question: Which of these needs have been hard to pay for in the past month? [Select all that apply.]
- 0 \((N = 4481)\)
- 1 \((N = 803)\)
- 2 \((N = 1035)\)
- 3 \((N = 854)\)
- 4 \((N = 463)\)
- 5 \((N = 243)\)
- 6 \((N = 103)\)
- 7 \((N = 64)\)
- 8 \((N = 5)\)
Material hardship censored at 6, given small sample sizes.
By region
South
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
27.97
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
1.99
|
.159
|
|
2
|
4.62
|
.032
|
|
3
|
7.03
|
.008
|
|
4
|
1.58
|
.209
|
|
5
|
0.02
|
.880
|
|
6
|
6.58
|
.010
|
West
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
2.60
|
.107
|
|
1
|
0.75
|
.385
|
|
2
|
1.20
|
.273
|
|
3
|
0.09
|
.763
|
|
4
|
0.02
|
.902
|
|
5
|
1.29
|
.257
|
|
6
|
2.14
|
.144
|
Northeast
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
13.08
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
0.08
|
.774
|
|
2
|
0.56
|
.455
|
|
3
|
6.45
|
.011
|
|
4
|
3.96
|
.046
|
|
5
|
0.14
|
.705
|
|
6
|
3.63
|
.057
|
Midwest
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
1.18
|
.278
|
|
1
|
0.89
|
.347
|
|
2
|
0.30
|
.585
|
|
3
|
0.15
|
.700
|
|
4
|
0.20
|
.651
|
|
5
|
0.31
|
.580
|
|
6
|
0.10
|
.756
|
Black/African American
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
73.58
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
27.42
|
< .001
|
|
2
|
17.44
|
< .001
|
|
3
|
7.95
|
.005
|
|
4
|
0.71
|
.398
|
|
5
|
0.36
|
.549
|
|
6
|
3.66
|
.056
|
LatinX
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
86.01
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
23.05
|
< .001
|
|
2
|
23.89
|
< .001
|
|
3
|
13.34
|
< .001
|
|
4
|
0.00
|
> .999
|
|
5
|
0.77
|
.381
|
|
6
|
1.94
|
.163
|
Low income
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
783.25
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
72.71
|
< .001
|
|
2
|
186.16
|
< .001
|
|
3
|
116.31
|
< .001
|
|
4
|
63.49
|
< .001
|
|
5
|
30.56
|
< .001
|
|
6
|
26.41
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
894.54
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
96.09
|
< .001
|
|
2
|
218.44
|
< .001
|
|
3
|
132.46
|
< .001
|
|
4
|
73.74
|
< .001
|
|
5
|
41.14
|
< .001
|
|
6
|
40.33
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
826.67
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
90.30
|
< .001
|
|
2
|
192.59
|
< .001
|
|
3
|
130.39
|
< .001
|
|
4
|
68.61
|
< .001
|
|
5
|
33.06
|
< .001
|
|
6
|
30.72
|
< .001
|
Pairwise t-tests with a Holm correction
|
group1
|
group2
|
p.value
|
|
Black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.438
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Non-black, High Income
|
0.000
|
Income by Latinx
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
847.21
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
88.57
|
< .001
|
|
2
|
202.33
|
< .001
|
|
3
|
127.67
|
< .001
|
|
4
|
68.77
|
< .001
|
|
5
|
33.47
|
< .001
|
|
6
|
35.38
|
< .001
|
Pairwise t-tests with a Holm correction
|
group1
|
group2
|
p.value
|
|
Latinx, Low Income
|
Latinx, High Income
|
0.00
|
|
Non-Latinx, High Income
|
Latinx, High Income
|
0.00
|
|
Non-Latinx, Low Income
|
Latinx, High Income
|
0.00
|
|
Non-Latinx, High Income
|
Latinx, Low Income
|
0.00
|
|
Non-Latinx, Low Income
|
Latinx, Low Income
|
0.39
|
|
Non-Latinx, Low Income
|
Non-Latinx, High Income
|
0.00
|
Income by South
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
847.21
|
< .001
|
|
1
|
88.57
|
< .001
|
|
2
|
202.33
|
< .001
|
|
3
|
127.67
|
< .001
|
|
4
|
68.77
|
< .001
|
|
5
|
33.47
|
< .001
|
|
6
|
35.38
|
< .001
|
Material hardship dichotomized
For these analyses, we censor responses at 1 (creating a 1+ category).
By region
South
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
27.97
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
27.97
|
< .001
|
West
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
2.6
|
.107
|
|
1+
|
2.6
|
.107
|
Northeast
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
13.08
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
13.08
|
< .001
|
Midwest
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
1.18
|
.278
|
|
1+
|
1.18
|
.278
|
Black/African American
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
73.58
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
73.58
|
< .001
|
LatinX
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
86.01
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
86.01
|
< .001
|
Low income
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
783.25
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
783.25
|
< .001
|
Income by Employment
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
894.54
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
894.54
|
< .001
|
Income by Black/African American
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
826.67
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
826.67
|
< .001
|
Pairwise t-tests with a Holm correction
|
group1
|
group2
|
p.value
|
|
Black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, High Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Black, Low Income
|
0.651
|
|
Non-black, Low Income
|
Non-black, High Income
|
0.000
|
Income by Latinx
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
847.21
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
847.21
|
< .001
|
Pairwise t-tests with a Holm correction
|
group1
|
group2
|
p.value
|
|
Latinx, Low Income
|
Latinx, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-Latinx, High Income
|
Latinx, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-Latinx, Low Income
|
Latinx, High Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-Latinx, High Income
|
Latinx, Low Income
|
0.000
|
|
Non-Latinx, Low Income
|
Latinx, Low Income
|
0.334
|
|
Non-Latinx, Low Income
|
Non-Latinx, High Income
|
0.000
|
Income by South
|
material_hardship
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
|
0
|
847.21
|
< .001
|
|
1+
|
847.21
|
< .001
|